Workshop of Piero della Francesca Saint Apollonia, before 1470
Samuel H. Kress Collection
National Gallery of Art
Washington, DC
Apollonia was born in Egypt in the 3rd
century, and died in the year 249. She was an elderly deaconess, living in Alexandria, who lived in a refuge for
Christians. She was martyred for not
renouncing her faith during the reign of Emperor Philip. The account
of the life of St. Apollonia was written by St. Dionysius to Fabian,
Bishop of Antioch. One night, angry pagans began a riot and violently attacked
believers of the faith. Apollonia had
all her teeth knocked out after being hit in the face by a Christian
persecutor. After she was threatened with fire unless she renounced
her faith, Apollonia said a prayer and jumped into the flames voluntarily—which St. Augustine adamantly defended as an act of heroic faith and
not suicide, which would be unsaintly.
She is considered the patron of dental diseases and is often invoked by
those with toothaches. Ancient art depicts her with a golden tooth
at the end of her necklace. Also in art, she is seen with a pincers
holding a tooth. Parts of her jaw and many of her teeth are
presently housed in churches across Europe. Her feast day is February 9th.
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